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Mysteries & Marvels: The Enigmatic Tonle Om Gate (Angkor Thom South Gate), Cambodia
- Jenn & Leon
- Jul 15, 2024
- 13 min read
Updated: Jul 21
Have you ever dreamt of journeying through time and stepping into the heart of a powerful ancient empire?
The majestic Tonle Om Gate, also known as the South Gate, promises exactly that.
This awe-inspiring monument serves as the grand entrance to Angkor Thom, the last capital of the Khmer Empire in Cambodia.
But Tonle Om Gate is more than just a gateway; it's a captivating historical landmark brimming with symbolism, architectural marvels, and hidden secrets.
In this post, we tell you all about Tonle Om Gate and why you should visit, and the history of Angkor and the Khmer Empire.
We also look at some interesting facts, all you need to know about how to get there, the best time to visit, and Angkor Site ticket information.
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What is Tonle Om Gate, and why should you visit?
Standing as a guardian giant at the southern entrance to Angkor Thom, the Tonle Om Gate, also known as the South Gate, is a portal to Cambodia's glorious past.
Built in the late 12th or early 13th century by King Jayavarman VII, it served as the grand entrance to the last capital of the Khmer Empire.
This magnificent gate is more than just an entry point; it's a captivating monument steeped in history and symbolism.
Towering over 23 feet tall, the Tonle Om Gate is a testament to the Khmer Empire's architectural prowess.
Crafted from laterite blocks, the gate features intricate carvings and sculptures that depict deities, mythical creatures, and scenes from Hindu mythology.
The most striking feature is the four giant faces, believed to represent the Bodhisattva of compassion, gazing serenely outwards in each cardinal direction.
These enigmatic faces might have served a dual purpose - welcoming visitors and warding off evil.
The causeway leading up to the gate is as impressive as the gate itself.
This restored section, adorned with statues depicting the churning of the ocean of milk, hints at the grandeur Angkor Thom once possessed.
Interestingly, theories abound about the causeway's past.
Some believe it may have concealed a hidden city or royal audience hall, adding to the mystique of the site.
Tonle Om Gate's importance lies not just in its architectural beauty but also in the historical context it provides.
It offers a glimpse into the Khmer Empire's power, religious beliefs, and engineering genius.
The gate was a powerful symbol of the empire's might and the divine realm it contained.
Walking through its threshold allows visitors to imagine the awe-inspiring experience of arriving at the heart of this once-powerful empire.
Today, Tonle Om Gate stands as a reminder of a glorious civilization. Restoration efforts are underway to preserve this significant monument for future generations.
Read on for more on the history of the Khmer Empire, interesting facts about Tonle Om Gate, entry information, and some suggestions for other must-see temples nearby.
What Was the Khmer Empire?
The Khmer Empire, which ruled from 802 to 1431 AD, was a powerful Hindu-Buddhist kingdom centered in Southeast Asia, primarily in what is now Cambodia.
They were named after the Khmer people, the dominant ethnic group of the empire.
The Khmer were exceptional hydraulic engineers, creating a sophisticated system of canals, reservoirs, and moats to control the powerful Mekong River and its seasonal floods.
This ingenuity enabled them to develop extensive rice fields, supporting a prosperous agricultural society.
The Khmer were also expert builders. Their most renowned accomplishment is the stunning Angkor Wat complex, a symbol of their architectural skill and religious dedication.
During their rule, they built numerous temples, palaces, and cities, many of which feature intricate carvings illustrating their lifestyle, mythology, and military triumphs.
The Khmer Empire emerged as a significant cultural and political power in Southeast Asia, impacting neighboring kingdoms through its art, architecture, and religious beliefs.
Its legacy continues to endure, evident not only in the magnificent temples but also in the rich cultural heritage of Cambodia and the surrounding region.
The History of Angkor: The Rise of the Khmer Empire
Angkor's history stretches back to the 9th century, marking the rise of the powerful Khmer Empire.
King Jayavarman II declared himself a "universal monarch" in 802, establishing Angkor as the capital and kickstarting a golden age.
The city flourished under successive kings, becoming a center of religion, art, and hydraulic engineering.
Grand temples like Angkor Wat, initially dedicated to Hinduism, were built as testaments to the kings' power and devotion.
Trade thrived, and the empire's territory expanded, reaching its peak in the 12th and 13th centuries.
However, environmental changes, political instability, and conflicts with neighboring kingdoms gradually weakened the empire.
By the 15th century, Angkor was largely abandoned, succumbing to the jungle's embrace.
Though rediscovered in the 19th century, it wasn't until the 20th century that extensive restoration efforts began, revealing the magnificent legacy of the Khmer civilization to the world.
Today, Angkor stands as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, attracting visitors with its captivating temples, intricate carvings, and silent testament to a glorious past.
10 Interesting Facts About Tonle Om Gate
We have cherry-picked the best facts we could find, but feel free to reach out if you have a gem we could add to the list!
1. Face Feast
While all the Angkor Thom gates feature giant sculpted faces, the Tonle Om Gate boasts the most - four enormous faces gazing outwards in each cardinal direction.
These enigmatic faces are believed to represent the Bodhisattva of compassion, Avalokiteshvara.
2. Hidden City?
The causeway leading up to Tonle Om Gate might be the most restored section of Angkor Thom, but some theories suggest it was once even grander.
Legends whisper of a hidden city or royal audience hall submerged beneath the causeway, though no conclusive evidence has been found.
3. Recycling Kings?
Experts believe the construction of the Angkor Thom gates may have been a collaborative effort across reigns.
While most are attributed to Jayavarman VII, stylistic variations, particularly in the Tonle Om Gate's lower levels, hint at possible earlier foundations or reused materials from past eras.
4. Lost & Found Gods
The Tonle Om Gate was once adorned with elaborate bas-reliefs depicting deities, likely Avalokiteshvara.
While most are lost to time, fragments remain visible on the Victory Gate (another Angkor Thom gate), offering clues to the Tonle Om Gate's past grandeur.
5. Gateway to Grandeur
The scale of the Tonle Om Gate is awe-inspiring. Standing at over 23 feet (7 meters) tall, it served as a powerful symbol of Angkor Thom's majesty and the divine realm it contained.
Imagine the impact on visitors arriving at the empire's capital!
6. Moat Mystery
The moat surrounding Angkor Thom, including the Tonle Om Gate, was once believed to be a purely defensive measure.
However, recent studies suggest it may have also played a role in regulating water flow and maintaining a stable water table for the city.
7. Smiling Faces, Serious Purpose
While the giant faces on the Tonle Om Gate appear serene, they may have served a more practical purpose.
Some scholars believe they functioned as a deterrent, their watchful gazes discouraging potential invaders or wrongdoers.
8. Gateway to the Dead?
Intriguingly, some believe the causeway leading to Tonle Om Gate may have been used in royal funeral processions.
The ornateness of the causeway might have served to honor the deceased on their final journey.
9. Lego of the Ancients?
The laterite blocks used to construct the Tonle Om Gate are truly impressive.
These giant reddish stones were meticulously carved and fit together without mortar, showcasing the incredible engineering feats of the Khmer Empire.
10. Modern Marvel in the Making
Restoration efforts on the Tonle Om Gate are ongoing.
Laser cleaning techniques and meticulous stonework replacement are slowly bringing this gateway back to its former glory, ensuring its survival for future generations.
Tips for Visiting Tonle Om Gate and the Angkor site
Being the main entrance to Angkor Thom, Tonle Om Gate is always pretty busy. That being said, it is more of a thoroughfare, and so is mostly for passing through.
There is pedestrian access, but given the level of traffic, you are encouraged to move through fairly quickly. Here are some visitor tips for visiting Tonle Om Gate:
⪢ Dress appropriately: As Tonle Om Gate is a religious site, visitors should dress modestly. This means clothing that covers your shoulders and knees.
There are vendors selling scarves and sarongs outside the gate if needed, but it's always best to be prepared.
⪢ Consider the time of day: Like many popular tourist destinations, Tonle Om Gate can get busy, especially during peak season.
If you want to avoid the crowds, try to visit early in the morning or later in the afternoon.
⪢ Hire a guide: Hiring a knowledgeable guide can greatly enhance your experience at Tonle Om Gate.
They can provide you with interesting information about the history and significance of the gate, as well as point out details that you might miss on your own.
⪢ Be aware of traffic: There is a lot to see at Tonle Om Gate, so it is hard to rush through your visit.
Taking some time to appreciate the intricate carvings and sculptures that adorn the gate is important, of course, but be careful of cars and tuk-tuks coming through, especially when taking pictures/videos.
The bridge has walkways on either side, but the gate itself is very narrow.
⪢ Bring water and sunscreen: The weather in Cambodia can be hot and humid, so it's important to stay hydrated and protected from the sun.
⪢ Be respectful: Tonle Om Gate is a sacred place for many Cambodians. Be respectful of their culture and religion by being quiet and refraining from taking photos of people who are praying.
⪢ Be wary of guards: The guards here at Tonle Om Gate are very nice and friendly, and they will offer to take photos for you.
This is nice, but be aware that they will want some form of 'tip' afterwards (they will not lead in with this).
If, like us, you do not have cash on you, it can make things a little awkward.
Angkor Pass Tickets for Tonle Om Gate
Terrace of the Elephants is part of the Angkor Archaeological Park; entrance is included with your park ticket.
● 1-day pass: USD 37
● 3-day pass: USD 62 (valid within 10 days)
● 7-day pass: USD 72 (valid within 1 month)
Prices are correct at the time of writing (June 2025).
All prices are in United States Dollars. Convert your currency here.
Tonle Om Gate Angkor Thom: Opening Times & Best Time to Visit
⪢ Opening Times
● Open daily from 5 am to 6 pm
● Last entry around 5:30 pm
⪢ Best Times to Visit
● Early morning (5 am – 8 am): Cool temperatures and fewer visitors make for a peaceful exploration of this grand gate.
● Late afternoon (3 pm – 5:30 pm): Softer lighting accentuates the intricate carvings and reduces crowds.
● Dry season (November to February): Offers comfortable weather and minimal rainfall.
● Avoid the midday heat and heavy tourist influx between 10:00 AM and 3:00 PM.
💡 Tip: Combine your visit with other nearby Angkor Thom sites like the South Gate and Bayon Temple for a full cultural experience.
How to Get to Tonle Om Gate
Tonle Om Gate is one of the spectacular entrances to the ancient city of Angkor Thom, located within the Angkor Archaeological Park near Siem Reap.
By Tuk-Tuk or Taxi
Most visitors reach Tonle Om Gate as part of a tuk-tuk or taxi tour of Angkor Thom and surrounding temples.
From Siem Reap town centre, it’s about a 7 km drive, taking roughly 15–20 minutes depending on traffic.
Tuk-tuk drivers usually include Tonle Om Gate along with Bayon Temple, Terrace of the Elephants, and other nearby attractions on a full or half-day itinerary.
Expect to pay USD 15 - 25 for a day tour, negotiable depending on group size and itinerary.
By Bicycle
Adventurous travelers can cycle to Tonle Om Gate from Siem Reap on mostly flat roads.
The distance is roughly 7 km, with well-maintained paths within Angkor Thom.
Bring water, sun protection, and a reliable map or GPS.
By Group Tour Bus
Many group tours include Tonle Om Gate in their guided Angkor Thom circuit.
Buses or vans pick up visitors from hotels in Siem Reap and provide transport and guides throughout the day.
GetYourGuide Tour Option
For a hassle-free experience with skip-the-line access and expert guides, consider booking an Angkor tour via GetYourGuide. These tours often include:
● Hotel pickup and drop-off from Siem Reap
● Entry fees included
● Guided exploration of Angkor and its temples
● Small group sizes for a personalized experience
🔗 Book your Angkor Tour on GetYourGuide
Where to Stay Near Tonle Om Gate
Looking for a place to stay nearby? Browse Siem Reap hotel deals below to find great rates from top providers in the city.
Our map offers a user-friendly interface that allows you to zoom in and out, providing a comprehensive view of the area and enabling you to identify the most convenient hotel options based on your current location or desired destination.
Must-See Temples Near Tonle Om Gate
Baphuon Temple
The Baphuon Temple is a notable historical site that forms part of Angkor Thom, the capital of the Khmer Empire from the 9th to 15th centuries.
Bayon Temple
This temple is located in the heart of Angkor Thom, the former capital of the Khmer Empire. It is known for its 54 giant faces that are carved into its towers.
Phimeanakas
A smaller pyramid temple within the Royal Palace area, Angkor’s celestial pyramid temple is shrouded in legend and mystery.
Terrace of the Elephants
A grand ceremonial platform nearby, renowned for its intricate elephant carvings and its use during royal events.
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Tonle Om Gate
The temples of Angkor will always garner the highest attention, and rightly so. Indeed, many will simply fly through Tonle Om Gate as they head towards the temples of Angkor's ancient capital.
It is surely worth the stop, though, even if just to walk through. To follow in the footsteps of thousands before, to admire the incredible architecture, and to feel the energy of grandeur and pomp that this gate delivers.
FAQ: Tonle Om Gate (South Gate of Angkor Thom)
What is Tonle Om Gate?
Also known as the South Gate of Angkor Thom, Tonle Om Gate is one of five monumental entry points into the ancient Khmer capital.
It features iconic stone faces, a grand causeway, and deity-lined balustrades representing the Hindu myth of the Churning of the Ocean of Milk.
Where is it located?
Tonle Om Gate is the southern entrance to Angkor Thom, located just north of Angkor Wat and often the first gate visitors encounter when touring the Angkor complex.
What makes it special?
The gate is topped with four giant stone faces, believed to represent Avalokiteshvara or King Jayavarman VII himself.
Its flanking bridge is lined with 54 gods (devas) and 54 demons (asuras) tugging a giant naga serpent — a vivid scene from Hindu mythology.
It's the best preserved and most photographed gate of Angkor Thom.
💡 Don’t miss the moat reflections in early morning light or the occasional sighting of monkeys near the gate.
Is there an entrance fee?
Entry is included with the Angkor Pass, which covers all temples and major structures within the Angkor Archaeological Park.
Can you walk across the causeway?
Yes. Most visitors arrive by car, tuk-tuk, or bicycle, but you can also walk the bridge to admire the carvings up close — it’s one of the most impressive entryways in Angkor.
Is it part of a larger route?
Tonle Om Gate marks the start of the popular Small Circuit tour, which includes Bayon, Baphuon, Phimeanakas, the Elephant Terrace, and more.
What time should I visit?
Early morning or golden hour offers the best lighting for photography and avoids the heat and crowds of midday.
Are there other gates like it?
Yes, Angkor Thom has five gates:
North, South (Tonle Om), East, West, and Victory Gate
Tonle Om is the largest and most ornate, making it the main access point.
Is there any legend or meaning behind the gate?
The gate represents the Khmer fusion of Hindu and Buddhist symbolism, especially the Churning of the Ocean of Milk, a story symbolizing creation, balance, and the battle between good and evil.
How long should I spend there?
Plan for 15–30 minutes, especially if photographing or walking across the bridge. Many visitors pause here en route to the Bayon Temple just ahead.
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Most people drive straight through this gate, on the way to the temples of Angkor Thom, but one should definately take a few minutes to get out and walk through. Go do it, you will likely agree with me after!